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The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a nuclear transcriptional regulator that activates by binding to 1a,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1a,25(OH)2D), known as calcitriol, which forms a heterodimer with the retinoid X receptor (RXR). Calcitriol signalling plays a role in many biological effects, including the metabolism of calcium and phosphorous, parathormone release, cell proliferation and control of adaptive and innate immunity.
A T > C base alteration in the promoter region of the VDR variant rs11568820 obliterates the binding site for the transcription factor Cdx2 downstream of exon 1e. This leads to the production of a less sized protein with reduced transcriptional activity. The F allele of this variant is observed at a high frequency in Asians and Europeans and at a lower frequency in Sub-Saharan Africa.
The results of this study enhance our understanding of how VDR gene polymorphisms influence the response to dietary supplements with calcitriol. Carriers of the TaqI and FF genotypes of the FokI polymorphisms exhibit higher transcriptional activation, and are associated with greater calcium absorption, higher bone mineral density, and a decreased risk of fractures. Further research using an unbiased design is required to increase our understanding of how these genetic variations affect vitamin go to these guys D supplementation and its clinical importance.